CEO Positive Psychological Traits, Transformational Leadership, and Firm Performance in High-Technology Start-up and Established Firms


Adams, V.H. , Snyder, C.R. , Rand, K.L. , King, E.A. , Sigmon, D.R. , & Pulvers, K.M. 2002. Hope in the workplace. In R. Giacolone & C. Jurkiewicz (Eds.), Handbook of workplace spirituality and organizational performance: 367-377. New York: Sharpe.
Google Scholar


Antonakis, J. , Avolio, B.J. , & Sivasubramaniam, N. 2003. Context and leadership: An examination of the nine-factor full-range leadership theory using the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. Leadership Quarterly, 14: 261295.
Google Scholar | ISI


Arbuckle, J. , & Wothke, W. 1999. AMOS 4 user’s reference guide. Chicago : Smallwaters Corporation.
Google Scholar


Barrick, M.R. , Mount, M.I. , & Judge, T.A. 2001. Personality and performance at the beginning of the new millennium: What do we know and where do we go next? International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9: 930.
Google Scholar | ISI


Bass, B.M. 1985. Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York: Free Press.
Google Scholar


Bass, B.M. 1998. Transformational leadership: Industry, military, and education impact. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum .
Google Scholar


Bass, B.M. , & Avolio, B.J. 2004. Multifactor leadership questionnaire: Manual leader form, rater, and scoring key for MLQ (Form 5x-Short). Redwood City, CA: Mind Garden.
Google Scholar


Bass, B.M. , Avolio, B.J. , Jung, D.I. , & Berson, Y. 2003. Predicting unit performance by assessing transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology , 88: 207218.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Baum, J.A.C. , Calabrese, T. , & Silverman, B.S. 2000. Don’t go it alone: Alliance network composition and startups’ performance in Canadian biotechnology. Strategic Management Journal, 21: 296294.
Google Scholar | ISI


Bliese, P.D. 2000. Within-group agreement, non-independence, and reliability: Implications for data aggregation and analysis. In K. J. Klein & S. W. J. Kozlowski (Eds.), Multilevel theory, research and methods in organizations: Foundations, extensions, and new directions: 349-381. San Francisco : Jossey-Bass.
Google Scholar


Block, J. , & Kremen, A.M. 1996. IQ and ego-resiliency: Conceptual and empirical connections and separateness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 70: 349361.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Bono, J.E. , & Judge, T.A. 2003. Self-concordance at work: Toward understanding the motivational effects of transformational leaders. Academy of Management Journal, 46: 554571.
Google Scholar | ISI


Bono, J.E. , & Judge, T.A. 2004. Personality and transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89: 901910.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Brissette, I. , Scheier, M.F. , & Carver, C.S. 2002. The role of optimism in social network development, coping, and psychological adjustment during a life transition. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82: 102111.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Bryant, F.B. , & Cvengros, J.A. 2004. Distinguishing hope and optimism. Two sides of a coin, or two separate coins? Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23: 273302.
Google Scholar | ISI


Byrne, B.M. 2001. Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Google Scholar


Cameron, K. , Dutton, J. , & Quinn, R. 2003. Positive organizational scholarship. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.
Google Scholar


Carifio, J. , & Rhodes, L. 2002. Construct validities and the empirical relationships between optimism, hope, self-efficacy, and locus of control. Work , 19: 125136.
Google Scholar | Medline


Carver, C. , & Scheier, M. 2002. Optimism. In C. R. Snyder & S. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology: 231-243. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar


Cohen, J. , & Cohen, P. 1983. Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Google Scholar


Conger, J.A. 1999. Charismatic and transformational leadership in organizations: An insider’s perspective on these developing streams of research. Leadership Quarterly, 10: 145179.
Google Scholar | ISI


Conger, J.A. , & Kanungo, R. 1987. Toward a behavioral theory of charismatic leadership in organizational settings. Academy of Management Review, 12: 637647.
Google Scholar | ISI


Coutu, D.L. 2002. How resilience works. Harvard Business Review, 80(5): 4655.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Feldman, B.L. , & Gross, J. 2001. Emotional intelligence: A process model of emotion representation and regulation. In T. J. Mayne & G. A. Bonnano (Eds.), Emotions: Current issues and future directions: 286-310. New York : Guilford.
Google Scholar


Fitzgerald, T.E. , Tennen, H. , Affleck, G. , & Pransky, G.S. 1993. The relative importance of dispositional optimism and control appraisals in quality of life after coronary artery bypass surgery . Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 16: 2543.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Glomb, T.M. , Munson, L.J. , Hulin, C.L. , Bergman, M.E. , & Drasgow, F. 1999. Structural equation models of sexual harassment: Longitudinal explorations and cross-sectional generalizations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 84: 1428.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Hinds, R.S. 2005. Consideration of the relationship between spiritual well-being and transformational leadership. Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 10(2): 124140.
Google Scholar


Holmbeck, G.N. 1997. Toward terminological, conceptual, and statistical clarity in the study of mediators and moderators: Examples from the child-clinical and pediatric psychology literatures. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65: 599610.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


James, L.R. , Demaree, R.G. , & Wolf, G. 1993. rwg: An assessment of within-group interrater agreement . Journal of Applied Psychology, 78: 306309.
Google Scholar | ISI


Judge, T.A. , & Piccolo, R.F. 2004. Transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analytic test of their relative validity. Journal of Applied Psychology , 89: 755768.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Law, K.S. , Wong, C. , & Mobley, W.H. 1998. Toward a taxonomy of multidimensional constructs. Academy of Management Review, 23: 741755.
Google Scholar | ISI


Lim, B. , & Ployhart, R.E. 2004. Transformational leadership: Relations to the five-factor model and team performance in typical and maximum contexts. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89: 610621.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Lopez, S. , & Snyder, C. R. (Eds.). 2003. Positive psychological assessment: A handbook of models and measures. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Google Scholar


Luthans, F. , & Avolio, B. 2003. Authentic leadership: A positive development approach . In K. S. Cameron , J. E. Dutton , & R. E. Quinn (Eds.), Positive organizational scholarship: 241-258. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler.
Google Scholar


Luthans, F. , Avolio, B. , Avey, J. , & Norman, S. 2007. Psychological capital: Measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction. Personnel Psychology, 60: 541572.
Google Scholar | ISI


Luthans, F. , Avolio, B.J. , Walumbwa, F.O. , & Li, W. 2005. The psychological capital of Chinese workers: Exploring the relationship with performance. Management and Organization Review, 1: 249271.
Google Scholar


Luthans, F. , Vogelgeslang, G.R. , & Lester, P.B. 2006. Developing the psychological capital of resiliency. Human Resource Development Review, 5(1): 2544.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals


Luthans, F. , & Youssef, C.M. 2007. Emerging positive organizational behavior. Journal of Management, 33: 321349.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals | ISI


Lyubomirsky, S. , King, L. , & Diener, E. 2005. The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success? Psychological Bulletin, 131: 803855.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Magaletta, P.R. , & Oliver, J.M. 1999. The hope construct, will, and ways: Their relations with efficacy, optimism, and general well-being. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 55: 539551.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Masten, A.S. 2001. Ordinary magic: Resilience processes in development. American Psychologist, 56: 227239.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Masten, A.S. , & Reed, M.G.J. 2002. Resilience in development. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds.), Handbook of positive psychology: 74-88. London: Oxford University Press.
Google Scholar


Mayer, R.C. , Davis, J.H. , & Schoorman, D.F. 1995. An integrative view of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20: 709734.
Google Scholar | ISI


McDermott, D. , & Snyder, C.R. 1999. Making hope happen. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger.
Google Scholar


Michael, S.T. 2000. Hope conquers fear: Overcoming anxiety and panic attacks . In C. R. Snyder (Ed.), Handbook of hope: Theory, measures, and applications: 355-378. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Google Scholar


Miller, D. , & Toulouse, J.M. 1986. Strategy, structure, CEO personality and performance: An empirical study of small firms. American Journal of Small Business, 10(3): 4762.
Google Scholar | SAGE Journals


Peterson, S.J. , & Byron, K. in press. Exploring the role of hope in job performance: Results from four studies. Journal of Organizational Behavior.
Google Scholar | ISI


Peterson, S.J. , & Luthans, F. 2003. The positive impact and development of hopeful leaders . Leadership and Organizational Development Journal, 24: 2631.
Google Scholar


Scheier, M.F. , & Carver, C.S. 1985. Optimism, coping, and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychology, 4: 219247.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Segerstrom, S.C. , Taylor, S.E. , Kemeny, M.E. , & Fahey, J.L. 1998. Optimism is associated with mood, coping, and immune change in response to stress. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 74: 16461655.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Seligman, M. 1998. Learned optimism. New York: Pocket Books.
Google Scholar


Shamir, B. , Zakay, E. , Breinin, E. , & Popper, M. 1998. Correlates of charismatic leader behavior in military units: Subordinates attitudes, unit characteristics and superiors’ appraisals of leader performance. Academy of Management Journal, 41: 387409.
Google Scholar | ISI


Snyder, C.R. 1994. The psychology of hope: You can get to there from here . New York: Free Press.
Google Scholar


Snyder, C.R. 1995. Conceptualizing, measuring, and nurturing hope. Journal of Counseling and Development, 73: 355360.
Google Scholar | ISI


Snyder, C.R. 2000. The past and possible future of hope. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 19: 1128.
Google Scholar | ISI


Snyder, C.R. , Harris, C. , Anderson, J.R. , Holleran, S.A. , Irving, L.M. , Sigmon, S.T. , et al. 1991. The will and the ways: Development and validation of an individual differences measure of hope. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60: 570585.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Snyder, C.R. , & Shorey, H. 2003. Hope and leadership. In K. Christensen (Ed.), Encyclopedia of leadership. Harrison, NY: Berkshire.
Google Scholar


Srivastava, S. , McGonigal, K.M. , Richards, J.M. , Butler, E.A. , & Gross, J.J. 2006. Optimism in close relationships: How seeing things in a positive light makes them so. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91: 143153.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Stewart, G.L. , Fulmer, I.S. , & Barrick, M.R. 2005. An exploration of member roles as a multilevel linking mechanism for individual traits and team outcomes. Personnel Psychology, 58: 343365.
Google Scholar | ISI


Tugade, M.M. , & Fredrickson, B.L. 2004. Resilient individuals use positive emotions to bounce back from negative emotional experiences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86: 320333.
Google Scholar | Medline | ISI


Wagnild, G.M. , & Young, H.M. 1993. Development and psychometric evaluation of the resiliency scale. Journal of Nursing Management, 1: 165178.
Google Scholar


Waite, P. , & Richardson, G. 2004. Determining the efficacy of resiliency training in the work site. Journal of Allied Health, 33: 178183.
Google Scholar | Medline


Waldman, D.A. , Ramirez, G.G. , House, R.J. , & Puranam, P. 2001. Does leadership matter? CEO leadership attributes and profitability under conditions of perceived environmental uncertainty. Academy of Management Journal, 44: 134143.
Google Scholar | ISI


Wang, P. , & Walumbwa, F.O. 2007. Family-friendly programs, organizational commitment, and work withdrawal: The role of transformational leadership. Personnel Psychology, 60: 397427.
Google Scholar | ISI


Wenglert, L. , & Rosen, A. 1995. Optimism, self-esteem, mood and subjective health. Personality and Individual Differences, 18: 653661.
Google Scholar | ISI


Werner, E. , & Smith, R.S. 1992. Overcoming the odds: High risk children from birth to adulthood. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University .
Google Scholar


Youssef, C.M. , & Luthans, F. in press. Positive organizational behavior in the workplace: The impact of hope, optimism, and resilience. Journal of Management.
Google Scholar | ISI



Source link

Related Posts